This Psalm is a victory hymn in which the singer sings the power of God in action among his people. The singer invokes God to arise so that is enemies may have no place. By calling the presence of God this means judgment and destruction for them that are unrighteous, but for them that are godly it means his presence will bring joy and salvation. Eaton calls psalm 68 a processional hymn. (Pg 248). Broyles agrees with Eaton by saying that “the procession begins with the song of the ark, imploring God to arise” (Broyles, 1999 page 282) It is evident that as the singer calls the presence of God; the hymn marks the sense of God’s nearness.
The community is called to sing, for God has already appeared as we read in verse 4 from the clouds. From these verses 3&4 it is clear that the rider of the clouds does so in his cherubim- chariot. Thus as a call is made- the hymn moves to describe how God’s name is known to all people including the powerless and the vulnerable. He is father to the fatherless and mother to the motherless. He is also concerned with the homeless, the imprisoned. “The arrogant and cruel he treats as rebels, to be expelled to a fierce desert” (Eaton, 2003 pg 249).
Many scholars have suggested that this hymn was a processional hymn symbolizing the match through the wilderness and final triumphant entry in to the promised land. The second part of this psalm speaks of God of Sinai who goes forth beyond his people. The author has a picture of God leading the Israelites to the promised land. His presence was symbolized by the Ark of the covenant. As the psalm presents this picture it brings out the significance of God’s present work in the festival of which this hymn was thought to originate. In this second part it seems that the Song charges the tempo, and probably the rhythm, notice the Selah at verse 7 after which the whole description charges. This might have been prayed rather than sung. “the earth quaked and the heavens poured down rain” and as Eaton puts it, “this brings out the significance of God’s present work in the festival, savoir and renewer of earth’s life through the rains” (Eaton, 2003) page 250)
Movement
Remembrance of God’s goodness to his own people in their lives calls forth for a hymn to him as the protector of the needy and the oppressed. He manifests his presence at Mt Sinai. As a father to those who are fatherless and a mother to the motherless. This psalm points out that he prepared his people a land watered by the rains. Regardless of all the hostility and oppression, the singer is calling the others to join in and the Lord gives victory. “while the victory is celebrated the congregation responds from its daily experience drawing the message of victory into its own small portions a crucial liturgical intervention”. (Gerstenberger, 2001 page 40).
In the eyes of the poet, blessing God as a congregation was something of importance. As seen earlier this was a procession probably leading to a place of worship i.e. Temple, after which at the end of the procession the Poet/ singer calls the congregation to Bless
God. Seemingly the congregation does that and the poet invokes God to display his power. As a result, “His splendor is touching his people and his sanctuary, but also the creation” (Eaton, 2003 Page 250). Notice that the scene of God’s blessing is in his holy Temple, and not in the battle field. And the occasion is brought to and end with a Doxology, that to realize the ends of his victory, the singers summon the nations to give praise to him who manifests his power in heaven and his glory in Israel’s history. They needed to reminded the power of God and the strength come from God and the whole accession comes to a stand still.
Important words and Phrases.
Verse 2, as smoke is driven away, as wax melts before fire – that them that are wicked before God will easily be swept, for before the power of God they can not resist.
Verse 4 one who rides upon the clouds – Explains how he appears to people like he did to Moses on Mt Sinai. This was a Mythological poem among the Canaanites according to “He who rides upon the clouds” Deut 33:26. (Knox, 1955 page 355)
Verse 7 Marching through the wilderness. This speaks of God of Sinai who goes ahead of his people, one who provides to his own. At Mount Sinai he manifested himself in a mighty way in which he prepared his people land watered by rain in contrast to Egypt which was water by irrigation.
Verse 8, the earth quaked and the heaven pours rain – John Knox in his commentary on psalms compares this with the time when Judges were too corrupt and he attributes the time of the Psalmist with this time. Judges5:5. (Knox, 1955 page 356) the wildernesses as the Israelites were en rout to the Promised Land. The same God who did the miracles of victory to them is doing the same here. Note the Israelites referred to God as God of Isaac, Abraham, or God of our forefathers. The same is implied here.
Verses 15, the mountains of Bashan, may refer to God’s dwelling place, which is a modest hill- like Mount Zion. This is used probably to recognized the presence of the Lord.
Verse 17, Sinai into is Sanctuary – in the olden days it was believed that God live in the mountain. Sinai was God’s meeting Place with Moses. Now the singer believes that God is no longer that far from them for he is the one who is their victory, he is among them.
Verses 30, beast among the reed- that all creation is for thee, and God has helped them to be victories as he did with the Israelites under the bondage of the Egyptians in verse 29, kings will bring you gifts; no one is above to God. This indicates that the victory of God is above all creation and rulers.
Works cited
Weiser Arthur. 1959. The psalms, Philadelphia, Westminster Press,.
Eaton John. 2003. The Psalms, a historical and Spiritual Commentary with an introduction and New Testament Translation, London & New York, T & T Clark International,
Gerstenberger Ertard. Psalms, Part 2, and Lamentations, Michigan/Cambridge U.K
William B. 2001. Eerdmans Publishing Company Grand Rapids.
Knox John. 1955. The interpreters Bible, Psalms and Proverbs, Nashville, Abingdon Press New York,
Craig C. Broyles. 1999. New international Biblical Commentary- Psalms. Hendrickson Publishers, Paternoster press,
New International Version, Colorado springs, Colorado International Bible society.